By the end of the century, Chicago became the second largest production center for men's clothing, with its output roughly amounting to 15 percent of the national total. These efforts, aimed at the emerging urban middle classes, led to industrial expansion. clothing industry in the early twentieth century. The pioneer in this arena was Joseph Schaffner ofĪ Chicago firm that was to grow into a giant, employing 8,000 workers and leading the U.S. They also endeavored to improve the public image of ready-made garments through national They established large factories, where each worker took up only one segment of the whole production process and dexterously performed it. Trying to secure an edge against their New York and Philadelphia competitors, manufacturers began producing better grades of garment with fine material and workmanship. In the early 1890s, urban reformers engaged in an anti-sweatshop campaign in Chicago and across the country.īy that time, however, Chicago was already turning to the factory system. In particular, and hired immigrants for long hours at low wages. To be done by contractors and subcontractors, who often opened tiny shops in poor districts, the Chicago was increasingly involved in nationwide competition, which led to the sweating system in the 1880s. Those years also saw women's clothing production added to the industry, when manufacturers like Joseph Beifeld began producing ready-made cloaks. The industry expanded in the next decade, as merchant-manufacturers like Harry Hart and Bernard Kuppenheimer produced suits as well as work clothes and marketed them in the Midwestern and Southern states. Starting from the 1860s, the city's men's clothing merchants employed tailors and had ready-to-wear clothes made at their shop. In Chicago this industry developed rapidly after the GreatĪnd remained one of the most dynamic sectors until the
Clothing, traditionally made at home or by custom tailors, began to be commercially produced in the early nineteenth century.
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